S R Computer Institute

(Part-1)

WORD  PROCESSING

• Word Processing Basics
• Creating A New Document
• Opening An Existing Document
• Saving A Document
• Closing A Document
• Printing A Documents
• Selecting Text
• Cutting ,Copying, And Pasting Text
• Finding And Replacing Text
• Checking Spelling And Grammer
• Using Auto Correct
• Changing The Case Of Selected Text
• Formatting Paragraph
• Table Manupulation

• Mail Merge

Learning Outcomes:

After completion of this chapter, the reader will be ableto:

• In depth Knowledge of word processing, Their usage, details of word processing screen.
• Opening, saving and printing a document including pdf files.
• Document creation, formatting of text, paragraph and whole document.
• Inserting header and footer on the document
• Finding text on a word document and currecting spellings.
• Able to insert and manipulate tables, enhance table using border andshading features.

• Can prepare coies of a document table etc for sending various recipients using mail merge .

WordProcessing Basics
Word processing is the process of creating and editing documents on a computer using word processor software, such as Open office writer, microsoft word , or google docs. A word processor is a type of software application used for composing, editing,formatting and printing documens.word processor have a variety of uses and applications within the bussiness invironment, at home and in educational context.

For example, with a word processor, a student could create a book report and then print it, save it to a disk, dispaly it on the screen, or send it over e-mail. Also, a person looking for a job could create a resume using a word processor, then e-mail or print and mail it to job recruiters.

What is Writer

Writer is the word processor component of libreoffice, a freely available, fully- featured office productivity suite. In addition to the usual features of a word processor(text entry,editing, and formatting; spelling checker, thesaurus, hyphenation, and aoutocurrect ; find and replace; and others ), writer provides these important features.

•  Change tracking during revisions
• Page layout methods, including styles, frames, columns, and tables
• Exports to pdf and ePub
• Document digital signature
• Templates and styls
• Built in drawing tools
• Lists
• Table of data
• Mail merge
• Automated tables of contents and indexes
• Master documents, to group a collection of documents into a singale document.
• Fields and forms
• Database integration, including a bibligraphy database
• Embedding or linking of spreadsheets, equations, and other object

Parts of the main writer window

Title Bar–This title bar appears at the top of the document and displays name of the file as well as minimize, restore and close buttons at the right hand side of this bar for controlling the window.

Menu bar–The Menu bar is located across the top of the LibreOffice window, just below the title bar. When you select one of the menus listed below, a sub-menu drops down to show commands.

File –contains commands that apply to the entire document such as Open, Save, and Export as PDF. 

Edit –contains commands for editing the document such as Undo, Find & Replace, Cut, Copy, and Paste. 

View – contains commands for controlling the display of the document such as Zoom and Web Layout. 

Insert – contains commands for inserting elements into your document such as Header, Footer, and Image. 

Format – contains commands for formatting the layout of your document. 

Styles – contains commands for quickly applying common styles; for editing, loading, and creating new styles; and for accessing the Styles and Formatting section of the Sidebar. 

Table – contains commands to insert and edit a table in a text document. 

Tools – contains functions such as Spelling and Grammar, AutoCorrect, Customize, and Options. 

Window – contains commands for the display window. 

Help – contains links to the LibreOffice Help file, What’s This?, and information about the program. 

Sidebar –side bar normally shows on the right hand side of the writer window. You can select  view menu> sidebar from the view menu bar  to display it. Sidebar contains page styles, Gallery, and navigator.

Sidebar decks-The decks contained in the sidebar are described below.

Properties deck-Contains tools for directly formatting content. When text is selected, these panels appear:

Style –Apply, create, or update a paragraph style.

Paragraph –   Modify a paragraph by alignment, Lists or bullets, background color indent, or spacing.

Toolbar –The collection of buttons that provide shortcut to tasks; typically located at the top of the screen

Ruler –Ruler at the top (horizontal) and left side (vertical) of the page shows the margin, indent and tab setting. Indent is used  for word wrapping setting. shortcut key of this option ctrl+shift+R.

Status bar –This is the located on the bottom of the screen that shows the information about the document as page number , word and character  count, page style, language, slider with zoom percentage(20-600).

Scroll button and scroll bar: It is used to scroll the document.

Zoom: It allows to change the scale of the text and pictures in the document only for view. It does not affect the physical document. It is used to check the finishing quality of the document. To know the meaning of other tools, position the mouse pointer on the tool and see the Tool Tip.

Document views-  Writer has therr ways to view and edit a document: Normal, web and full screen. To change the view, go to view menu and click the required view. Normal view is the default view in the writer.

Creating a new document

You can start a new , blank document in writer in serval ways. If a document is already open in LibreOffice, the new document opens in a new window. From the start center- When LibreOffice is open but no document is open , the start center is shown. Click the  create: writer document button to create a new text document, or click the template button to start a  new document using a template other than the default template

When LibreOffice is open, you can also start a new writer document in one of these ways .

• Press the CTRL+NKeys
• Choose File>new>text document on the menu bar.
• Click the new Icon on the standard toolbar.

Opening the document—It may further require to open a file for editing. Select File → Open (Ctrl+O) and the document will be open for editing.

Save a document-

You can save the file by clicking on the File Menu → Save. Give the name of the file (for example: report). By default, the file is saved in .odt format. Different file formats are as under. The shortcut key of this optinCTRL+S.

Save as command

 Saving the file by another name It is possible to make another copy of the file by saving it with another name using the Save As option. Once the user saves the document by giving a name, it is called a ‘File’. The user can save the file with another namein other location using the Save As option. The user will get two files the previous one and the one with new name.

Closing a Document

After finishing the work, close the file, as too many opened files will cause a disturbance in working. To close the file, select File> close.

Closing Libre writer

To close libreWriter completely, Choose File> Exit On the menu bar. You can also use a keyboard shortcut CTRL+Q To close librewriter.

Printing Document

To quickly print the document without any option, Click the Print icon. The entire document will be sent to the default printer defined for your computer To print the document with certain options, use the Print dialog (File → Print or Ctrl+P). A Print dialog box will appear as shown From the Print dialog, you can choose options as per your requirement. They are Printer, Properties, Print Range, Copies and Options. The selected options will work for the current document only. If you click on a small triangle (▼), a list of names of printers (only those which are installed on your computer) will appear in line with the Name. You can select the printer which you want.

Printing all pages, single and multiple pages

One can select the printing option as per their choice. There are three options to print the number of pages in a document.

• To print all the pages in sequence, choose the option All pages.
• To print a single page, or number of nonconsecutive pages, choose the option Pages, and give the page numbers separated by comma. If you want to print the pages that are consecutive give the range of pages first and last page .
•  To print only the selected text, choose the option, Selection.

Previewing pages before printing

Print Preview is useful to check the document before printing. A user can check whether the document is prepared as needed, such as indentation, borders, etc.

Exporting to PDF

Libreoffice can export documnts to PDF (portable document format). This standardFile format is ideal for sending the file to someone else to view using Adove Reader Or other PDF Viewers. Unlike save a, the EXPORT Command writes a copy of current document in a new file with the choosen format, but keeps the current document and format open in your session.

Quick export to PDF

Click the Export as a PDF Icon to export the entire document using the PDfF setting You most recently selected in The PDF Option Dialog. You are asked to enter the file and location for the PDF, But you do naot get a chance to choose a page range, the image compression, Or other option

Controlling PDF content and quality

For more control over the content and quality of the resulting PDF, use  File> Export as PDF. The PD option dialog opens. This Dialog has six pages( Genral,Initial View, User Interface, Links, Security, and digital Signature). Salect the appropriate settings, and then click Export. Then you asked to enter the location and file name of the PDF to be created, and click Export.

General page of PDF option Dialog

 On the General page you can choose which pages to include in the PDF the type of compression to use for images(which affects the quality of image in the PDF) ,and other option.

Range section

All-   Exports the entire document.

Pages – Exports a subset of pages, for example 1-4,ro 1,3,7,11,or 3-6,8,12.

Section- Exports Whatever material is selected.

Images section

Lossless compression – Images are stored without any loss of quality. Tends to make large files when used with photographs. Recommanded for other kinds of images or graphics.

JPEG Compression- Allow for varying degrees of quality. A setting of 90% works well with photographs (small file size, little perceptible loss of quality).

Reduce image resolution – Lower-DPI(dots per inch) image have lower quality. For viewing on a computer screen generally a resolution of 72dpi (for windows) or 96 dpi (GNU/Linux) is sufficient, while for printing it is generally preferable to use at least 300 or 600 dpi, depending on the capability of the printer. Higher dpi settings increase the size of the exported file.

Watermark section-

       Sign with watermark-  When this option is selected, a transparent overlay of the text you enter into the watermark text box bill appear on each page of the PDF.

General section- in this section many option are availeble, the one which is important is below.

View PDF after Export-  You default PDF Viewer will open and display the newly exported PDF immediately after it is genrated.

Security page of PDF option dialog

 PDF export includes options to encrypt the PDF (so it can not be open without password)and apply some digital rights management (DRM) features.

• With an open password set, the PDF can only be opened with the password. Once opend, there are no restrictions on what the user can do with the document (for the example, print , copy or changed it).
• With a permissions password set the PDF  can be openedby anyone , but its permissions can be ristricted. After you set a password for permissions, the other choices on the security page become available.
• With both the open passwordand permission password set, the PDF can only be opened with the currect password, and its permissions can be ristricted.

Shows the pop-up dialog displayed when you click set password button on the security page of the pdf option Dialog.

Selecting Text

Selecting text in writer is similar to selecting text in other applications. You can can swipe the mouse cursor over text or use multiple clicks to select a word (double- click),sentence (triple- click), or paragraph (quadruple- click).

Selecting items thatare not consecutive

To select nonconsecutive items using the mouse:

1. Select the first piece of text.
2. Hold down the Ctrl key and use the mouse to select the next piece of text.
3. Repeat as often as needed.

To select nonconsecutive items using the keyboard :

1. Select the first piece of text.
2. Press Shift+F8 this puts writer in “Adding selection” mode.
3. Use the arrow keys to move to the start of the next piece of text to be selected. Hold down the Shift key and select the next piece of text.
4. Repeat as often as required.

Now you can work with the selected text.

Press Esc to exit from this mode.

Cutting, copying, and Pasting text

Cut and Paste:

• It is used to move a selected text from one place to another.
• Select the text and click on Edit → Cut option or press CTRL+X •
• Place the cursor where the text has to be moved.
• Click on Edit → Paste option or press CTRL+V

Copy and Paste:It is used to make a duplicate copy of selected Select the text and click on Edit→ Copy option or press CTRL+C .

Place the cursor where the text has to be duplicated. Click on Edit→Paste option or press CTRL+V.

Undo (CTRL+Z)and Redo(CTRL+Y) :

• Open the existing file (For example, report.odt) and then start editing in it.
•  If, by mistake, you have made some changes and now you want to erase the last change done, then use the Undo option.

 After undo command, again if you want to go back then use the Redo option.

Find and Replace:

This feature is used to search for a text and replace it with other text.

• Select Edit → Find & Replace, the dialog box will open.
•  Type the text to find in the Find box.
•  To change the text with different text, enter the new text in the Replace box. For example, while writing the paragraph the word ‘IT Job Fair’ was typed but it should be ‘National IT Job Fair’. So let’s replace it.
• Click on Edit Menu → Find & Replace option or press CTRL+F.

 Checking spelling and grammar:

While writing a report on paper, sometimes we may not remember the spelling of some words. In this situation we refer to the books or confirm the spelling from teachers or parents. Also while word processing a document, we may commit spelling mistake. In such cases, the Writer helps us to correct the spelling. It also provides a grammar checker to check the grammar of the sentence. It can be used separately or in combination with the spelling checker. This is one of the important features of any word processing application.

If any grammatical errors are detected, they are underlined by a wavy blue line. Right-clicking on this line brings up a context menu. The first entry in the menu describes the suspected broken grammatical rule. We can do the correction as suggested.

 So after typing a paragraph of a report, one can check the spelling and grammar. A spelling checker checks to see if each word in the document is in the installed dictionary. The grammar checker, can be used separately or in combination with the spelling checker.

 To check the spelling and grammar of the document (or selected text), select Tools → Spelling and Grammar, or click the Spelling and Grammar button on the Standard toolbar, or press the keyboard key F7.

Automatic Spell Checker:

checks each word as it is typed and displays a wavy red line under any unrecognized words. Right-click on an unrecognized word to open a context menu. Certain suggestions will be displayed for the selected word. Click on the most appropriate word out of the suggested words to replace the underlined word. After making corrections, the line disappears.

Using Auto correct:

Writer,s autocorrect function include a log list of common misspellings and typing errors, which is correct automatically. For Example,”Hte’” will be changed to “the” . Also includes codes for inserting special characters, emoji, and other symbols. Autocoreect is turned on when writer is installed. You may wish to disable some for its features, modify others, or turn it off completely.

You can add your own corrections or special characters or change those supplied with LibreOffice. Select Tools> AutoCorrect options to open the autocorrect Dialog. On the replace tab, You can define what stings of text are corrected and how.

Using Wired completion: If word completion is enabled, writer tries to guess which word you are typing and offers to complete the word for you. To accept the suggestion, press enter. Otherwise, continue typing.

To turn off word completion, select Tools > AutoCorrect > AutoCorrect Options> Word Completion  And Deselect  Enable Word Completion.

Changing The case of Selected Text: It is possible to change the case of the text. There are 6 Change Case options in LibreOffice Writer as shown.These operate on currently selected text. To Select it, Choose  Format > Text From the menu bar, And then chhose on of the following:

• UPPER CASE: where all letters are capilized.
• Lower case : Where no words are capitalized.
• Cycle case: Which cycle the selected word through upper case, lower case, and captilize every word.
• Sentence case:  Where only the first word captilized( tgather with any proper nouns).
• Captilized Every word:  Where Evry word is Captilized.
• tOGGLE cASE :  Which changes every latter to the opposote case.

You can also change the case of text using the character style. Choose  Format > Character, click the font effect tab, then select the type of capitalization in the Effects box.  Capitals  Capitalizes all latter.  Title  Capitalizes the first letter of each word.

 Small capitals  Capitalizes all latter’s, But un a reduced font size.

Formatting Paragraphs

You can apply many formats to paragraph using the icons on the formatting tool bar and on the paragraph panel of the sidebar’s properties deck( View> Sidebar).

On the formatting toolbar, the icons and formats includes:

• Apply paragraph style (styles drop-down on the properties deck on the sidebar).
• Bullets on/off (with a palette of bullet of bullet style).
• Numbering On/Off ((with a palette of bullet of Numbering style).
• Align Left, center Horizontally, Align right, Or justified.
• Align Top cente, vertically, align bottom.
• Line specing (choose from 1,1.5,1.15,2 or custom spacing.
• Increase paragraph spacing, decrease paragraph spacing.
• Increase indent, decrease indent.
• Paragraph (to open the paragraph dialog).

The sidebar opens with the properties deck selected by default. Click the expression symbol (+ or Triangle) to open the panels if necessary. The Paragraph  panel of the parties deck contains most of the formatting controls, including serval that are not found on the formatting toolbar.

1. Align Left	8. Increase spacing	15. Indent from left
2. Align Center	9. Decrease Specing	16. Indent from Right
3. Align Right	10. Incease Indent	17. Indent First Lign
4. Align justified	11. Decrease Indent	18. Line Spacing
5. Bullets	12. Hanging Indent	19. More Options- Opens Paragraph Dialog
6. Numbering	13. Above paragraph spacing
7. Background color	14. Below Paragraph spacing

Paragraph Indentation:

You can use the buttons 10,11 and 12 in figure to increase the amount of Space to leave betwen the left and right page margins and the paragraph.

The Distances are determined by setting 15(before text indent; that is from the left margins), 16 (After txt indent; That is from the right margin ),and 17 (first  line indent, which indents the first line From the left margin, or from the specified indentation from the margin).

Button 12 Swich to hanging indent, Leaves the first line at the left margin (or the specified indentation from the margin) And indents all the other lines of the paragraph by the amount specified by button 17 or in the paragraph dialog.

Formatting characters:

You can apply many formats to characters using the buttons on the formatting toolbarand by using the characters panel of the properties deck of the slide bar. Not all tool bar buttonsare visible in a standard installationn, but you can cutomize the toolbar to include those are ues  regularly.

• Font name , font size(in points)
• Bold, Italic, Underline, Double Underline, Over line, Stikethrough,  Outline.
• Superscript, Subscript.
• Uppercase, Lowercase.
• Increase font size, Decrease Font size.
• Font Color (with The Palette Of Colors)
• Background Color (with The Palette Of Colors)
• Highlighting (with The Palette Of Colors)
• Character ( Ton Open the Character Dialog)

1. Font NBAme	6. Strikthrough	11. Highlight color
2.Font size	7. Shadow	12. character spacing
3. Bold	8. Increase Font size	13. Superscript
4. Italic	9. Decrease font size	14. Subsceript
5. Underline	10. . Font color	15. More option (open chracter dialog)

Show the character panel in the properties deck of the slidebar. clicking the down arrow text to a botton opens the control for further choices, such as font color or character spacing. The appearance of the buttons may very with your oprating system and the selection of icon size and style in Tool>option>LibreOffice>View.

Click the  More option Button (15) to open the character dialog , which includes more choices than are available through the foramtting toolbar or the slidebar.

Font name, size, and effects

To change the  Font name and size used for selected characters, you can use the drop-down menu on the formatting toolbar, the character panel in the slidebar, or the character dialog.

similarly, you can apply  bold, italic, underline, strikethrough,  or  shadow effects  to the selected characters from the formatting toolbar, the character panel in the slidebar, or the character dialog.

To increase or decrease the font size of selected text, you can click the relevant buttons on the Formatting toolbar or the character panel in the slidebar; however, you have no control over the ammount of the increase or decrease, Which is usually 2 points.

Setting on the character dialog

The character dialog has six tabs. most of these tabs are the same as pages on the character style dialog. Using character dialog box, you may change font, font effects, color etc. you can specify the font’s family, typeface,(choices very with the font, but typically include regular, bold, italic), and size; and the language for the paragraph, if it differs from the language for the document. The box at the bottom shows a preview of the selections.

Formatting numbered or bulleted lists

You can format numbered or bulleted lists in nserval ways:

•  Ues autoformatting.
• use list(numberinmg) styles.
• use the bullets and numbering toolbar.
• use the bullets and numbering dialog.
•  use the numbering and bullets buttons on the formatting toolbar

To produce a simple numbered or bulleted list, selected the paragraphs in the list and then click the appropriate icon on the paragraph panel on the toolbar.

Using the Bullets and Numbering toolbar

You can create a list by using the buttons on the bullets and numbering toolbar you can move items up or down the list, create subpoints, change the style of bullets, and paragraphs without numbers or bullets( for list items that include more than one paragraph), and access the bullets and Numbering dialog, which contains more detailed controls. use View > Toolbar > Bullets and Numbering  To display the toolbar.

1. Demote one level	5. Move Down	9. Increase unnumbered Entry
2. promote one level	6. Move up	10. Restaring Numbering
3.Demote one level with subpoints	7.Move down with subpoints	11. Open the bullets and Numbering dialog
4.Promote one Level with Subpoints	8. move up with subpoints

If you create a nested list using the buttons on the bullets and numbering toolbar. all the levels of the list(upto 10) Initially apply the same numbering(or bullet) format. If you want to use a combination of numbering formats and bullets when creating nested lists. to create bulleted or numbered list:

Click in each list  item and then select one of the choice in the drop-down plettes under the bullets and numbring bottons on the formatting toolbar. use the bullets and the numbring dialog, as discribed in ‘using the bullets and numbring dialog’ below.

Createing headers and footers

Headers are portions of a document that appear at the top of every page; footers appears at the bottom  of page. They typically include a page number and some times document information such as the title.

There are two ways to insert a header. The simplest method is to click above the top of the text area,then when the header   marker appears, click the +. (to insert a footer, click below the bottom of the text area to display the footer marker, and the click the +.)

Headers can also be inserted from the menu bar by selecting insert  > Header and footer> Header>[page style]. The submenu lists the page style used in your document. In addition, the submenu includes the entry all, which activates header on all the pages of the document regardless of their page style. Similarly, to insert a footer, choose  insert > Header and footer >  Footer >[page style].

You can type information inton headers and footers, but some items such as documemt title and chapter titles are best added as fields. that way if something changes, the headers and footers are all updated  automatically. To insert page number this, put the cursor on the header and choose  Insert > page number.

Difining a different first page for a document

Many document such as letters and memos, have a first page that is different from the other pages in the document. For example, the first page of a latterhead typicallyhas a diffrent header, or the first page of report might have no header or footer, while the other pages do.

Using the default( or any other ) page style for your document, You can add a header/ footer as you wish to the first page by deselecting the same content on first page option on the header/footer pages in the page style dialog, and then adding the header/footer. you can then add a different header/footer to theb other pages of the document.

Creating and managing tables

In a document it is normally seen that some data are represented in tabular form. So we collect the similar data and keep it under one heading. The representation of data in a tabular format is called as table. A table has a number of rows and columns. It is also possible to have a table with one row and one column.Consider an example of representing your school timetable, your marksheet, your teachers teaching various subjects. To represent such data you have to create a table. LibreOffice Writer provides a very rich tool for creating and managing a table. The various features of the table are:

Creating a new table

The simplest way to create a table is, click theTable icon on the Standard toolbar. On the drop-down graphic, choose the size of the table. To create the table, click on the cell representing the last

row of the last column that you want. Holding down the mouse button  over the Table icon will also display the graphic.Another way to create a table is by using the Table dialog. Position the cursor where you want to insert the table, then:

• Select Table → Insert Table from the Menu bar as shown in (or Press Ctrl+F12).
• It will create a simple table. After creating a table, you can explore more features. For this, select Table → Properties

In the column and row boxes, Specify the number of coulmn and row for the new table. And You can change the size of the table lastter, if necessary. Under options, set up the intitial table characteristics:                               

• Heading-  Enables a heading to be used in the table and defines the number of rows to be used as headings.
• Repeat Heading Rows and new pages- Enable the heading rows to be repeated at the top of subsequent pages if the table spans more than one page.
•  Don,t split table over pages-  Prevents the table from spanning more than one page. this can be useful in the table starts near the end of a page, and would look better if it were completely located on the following page.
• Border –  Sorrounds each cell of the table with a border. This border can be modifide or deleted later.

The auto format button opens a dialog from which you can select one of several predefined table layouts. Click  OK  after selecting your table layout. After making your choices, click  Insert. Writer creates a table.

Resizing rows and columns

You can adjust the height of rows and the width of columns in a table in several ways.

• Move the mouse next to the edge of the cell and when a double -header arrows appears, click and hold the left mouse button, drag the border to the desired position, and release the mouse button.
• On the horizontal  ruler, column dividers are marked by a pair of thin gray lines; the vertical ruler indicates row dividers in the same way. You can resize a row or coulmn by holding the mouse down on the appropriate divider and dragging it to the desired location.
• Use the keyboard as described below.

Selecting  Table > Size  from the menu bar also offers some resizing options:

• Select column width or row height to enter a dimension into the size box for each selectable coulmn or row of the table.

For grater control over the width of each coulmn, use  the coulmns page of the table properties dialog. Right click the table choose  The table properties  From the context menu or choose Table > properties

from the menu bar. on the table properties dialog , select the column tab.

Inserting rows and columns

To insert one row or column in the table:

• Place the cursor in the row or column before or after which you

want to add new rows or columns.

• Click on the Rows Above or Rows Below icons in the Table toolbar to insert one row above or below the selected one.
• Click on the Columns Left or Columns Right icons in the Table toolbar to insert a column to the left or right of the selected one.
• Choose Insert → Rows Above/Below or Insert → Columns Above/Below. Set number to define the number of rows or columns to be inserted, and select the Position as Before or After. Click OK to close the dialog box

Deleting rows and columns

To delete one or more rows or columns, place the cursor in the row or column you want to delete and do one of the following:

• Click on the Rows or Columns icons on the Table toolbar
• Right-click and choose Delete → Rows or Delete → Columns.
• Press Alt+Delete on the keyboard and use the arrow keys to delete rows or columns as described above for inserting.

Merging and splitting cells

A comman use for merging cells is to make a heading  row that takes up the entire width of the table, or a subheading row over more than one column. To merge a cell or group of cells into one cell:

1. selecting the cells to merge .
2. Right-click and  choose Merge cells in the context  menu, Or choose  Table > Merge Cells From The menu bar. Any content of the cells appears in the merged cell.

To merge a single cell into an adjacent cell, You can also place the cursor in the cell (origin), Press  ALT+DELETE, Release, then hold down CTRL, and then prss the left or the right arrow key. Any contents in the origin cell are lost.

To split a cell into multiple cells:

1. Position the cursor inside the cell.
2. Right-click and choose Split cells  In the context menu, or choose  Table > splt cells from the menu bar.
3. Select how to split the cell. A cell can be split either horizontally (create more rows) Or vertically ( create more columns), and you can specify the total numberof cells to create.

To split a single cell, you can also place the cursor in an adjacent cell, press  ALT+INSERT , Release, then hold down Ctrl , and then prss the left or the right arrow key to split the cell to the left/right.

It is generally a good rule to merge and split cells after completing other layout formatting. This is because some operations such as deleting a column or a row may produce a result difficult to predict when applied to a table with merged or split cells.

Specifying table border

On the table properties dialog, select the border tab . Here you can set border for a whole table or groups of cells within a table. In Addition, you can set a shadow for the whole table.

them.

•  Line  specifies what the border looks like: the style, width, and color. There are a number of different styles and colors to choose from. style, width, and color selections apply to those borders highlighted by a pair of black arrows in the User- defined map on the left- hand side of the dialog.
• specing to contents specifies how much space to leave between the border and the cell contents. Spacing can be specified for the left, right, above, and below. choose  Synchronize To have the same specing on all foure sides . This speacing is not factored in when calculating the next measurements.
• Shadow Style  Properties always apply to the whole table. A shadow has three components: where it is (position), how for from the table it is cast (distance), and what color it is
• if  Merge adjacent line style is checked, Two cells sharing a common border will have their borders merged, rather than being side by side or above/below each other.

Alignment of Text in cell

By default , text entered into a table is aligned to the top-left of the cell. You can change the default for the entire table, as described above , or for individually selected cells.

To vertically align the next in specific cells.

1. Place the cursor in the cell you wish to change, or click and drag to select muliple cells.
2. Right -click in the selected area and click an icon on the table toolbar: align Top, center vertically, or align bottom.

MCQ Chapter-2	MCQ Chapter -1	LibreOffice Writer MCQ
Chapter-2	Chapter-1